I am a PhD student at the Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Group, Section Economics, Wageningen University and Research. Supervised by Andries Richter from the Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Group and Machiel Lamers from the Environmental Policy Group at Wageningen University, my research focuses on the temporal dynamics of the economic and social impacts of marine tourism within Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Indonesia. I explore these temporal impacts, including the benefits and the hidden costs that could potentially harm social-ecological systems in the future. On the benefit side, I study how the MPA policy impacts community well-being at the village level across all over coastal villages in Indonesia. I also look into the impact of marine tourism within the MPA in Bird’s Head Seascape (BHS) in Papua, Indonesia. The main methodology of the benefits side is impact assessment. On the cost side, I explore the cost of wastewater caused by the growth of marine tourism in MPAs, focusing on Nusa Penida, Bali (main methodology: economic valuation). Understanding these impacts helps in understanding and fostering equitable governance arrangements for Indonesian MPAs.